Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause or GSM, is a term coined more than ten years ago, however it is still not widely known to the public. GSM is a constellation of symptoms affecting women’s bladder and genital area due to reduction in hormones during menopause transition and beyond. Many women continue to suffer in silence because they may find it embarrassing to discuss such an intimate subject even with their doctor. However GSM is worth knowing about and seeking help if needed.

Symptoms can begin in perimenopause or later, and, once started, GSM does not get better by itself without treatment. Discomfort during sex, dryness, visible changes with thinner skin and irritation as well as urinary symptoms including frequency, urgency, recurrent urine infections and weaker pelvic floor can occur in any combination.

Review with a doctor is important to assess symptoms, exclude other causes and determine the best treatment options. These include non-hormonal and hormonal local preparations; for the latter we now have great evidence of their effectiveness and benefit.